IELTS Academic Writing
Tips and Tricks for different question types & Answers Sheet IN End of Page
MAP
Report
The civic centre will be planned to change. There are two maps: one is the existing and the other is the plan for new. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and compare the two maps
Sample Answer:
The two maps illustrate the changes that need to be made in the civic centre. The first map shows the present status of the civic centre and the second map shows the suggested changes
that need to be implemented.
In general, the overall structure of the civic centre will remain the same with few alterations suggested in the second map.
According to the second map, the car parking in the upper left corner will be demolished and a theatre will be built in its place. The car parking space in the upper right corner will be converted into a hotel and restaurant. The library will be removed and the exhibition hall will move from the lower-left corner to the lower right corner. The council office will be shifted. from the lower central area to the lower-left corner and in place of the old council office, open park and underground parking will be constructed. Lastly, most of the area in the civic centre undergo modification except the concert hall and shopping centre.
Bar Chart
Report
The chart below shows the expenditure on three categories among different age groups of UK citizens in 2004. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.
Sample Answer:
The bar chart indicates the expenditure of different age groups of UK citizens under three different categories in 2004. In general with growing age, the demand for food and drink has increased significantly and the need for going to restaurants and hotels has decreased. It can be observed from the graph that the spending priorities of individuals changed with age. The individuals under 30 age group liked to spend their money more on restaurants and hotels, which is almost 13% of their spending. This is in contrast to the ones between 61 to 75 years of age, as the individuals in this category were least interested in spending money on restaurants and hotels which was almost 2% of their spending. However, their spending on food, drink and restaurants and hotels were relatively higher. Likewise, the individuals in the 76+ age group were more interested in spending money on food and drink which is approximately 22%, but least interested in spending money on entertainment or restaurants and hotels which is 7% and 12% respectively. Lastly, the spending habit of individuals between the 31 to 45 year age group in all three categories was almost similar to the individuals of 46 to 60 year age group.
Pie Chart :
Two pie charts show a comparison of the proportion of people with different degrees (first degree, master) and professions (Arts, science) who worked in an engineering company in 1980 and 2008.
Sample answer :
The two pie charts illustrate the various degrees held by graduates in an Engineering company percentage-wise in 1980 and 2008.
Overall, in the beginning, first degree Arts and Masters Science were very popular, whereas PhD degrees were not preferred by many. In comparison, PhD degrees gained popularity after nearly three decades, and First-degree Arts and Science lost their significance.
Nearly a quarter of the graduates had opted for First degree Arts in 1980 but there was a sharp decline in 2008 with only 11% of the graduates going for it. First degree Science was held by 19% of the graduates in 1980 with a moderate fall in 2008 with only 10% going for it. Masters in Arts and Science remained constant in both periods. There was a significant increase in the number of PhD degree holders in Arts from 2% in 1958 to 7% in 2008. PhD degree in Science experienced dramatic growth from 13% in 1980 to 30% in 2008.
To summarize, the most marked changes are in the First-degree Arts and Science and the PhD degrees for Arts and Science. The former experienced a decline while the latter grew more popular in 2008.
Table :
Two pie charts show a comparison of the proportion of people with different degrees (first degree, master) and professions (Arts, science) who worked in an engineering company in 1980 and 2008.
Sample Answer :
The given table illustrates the cost of water in 5 cities in Australia. Broadly the water charges in kiloliters were divided into two categories, usage charges up to 125 kiloliters and usage charges over 125 kiloliters, on this basis, the average bill per household was calculated. It can be easily observed that the average bill per household in Perth was the highest at $332 and the average bill per household in Melbourne was the lowest at $253. The average household bill of Adelaide, Brisbane and Sydney was significantly less than Perth’s average bill but higher than Melbourne.
The cost of water up to 125 KL in Perth and Adelaide was $0.42. The charges of water up to 125 KL in Brisbane, Melbourne and Sydney are relatively higher. If water consumption goes beyond 125 KL, Sydney and Melbourne are not affected as the charges remain the same for water consumption in these two countries. Whereas when Brisbane increased its water consumption over 125 KL, it was only affected by the $3 difference amount. Adelaide and Perth were charged extra because their water consumption increased beyond 125 KL
Process Diagram :
Please find the question below:
Sample Answer:
The diagram outlines an Australian town’s method of collecting rainwater and transforming it into drinking water.
From an overall perspective, it is evident that rainwater from drains undergoes several chemical treatments and becomes pure drinking water.
As a first step, Australia’s water department channelizes the drain water from houses into a series of pipes. The drain water flows through the pipes and reaches a water filter. The filtering of water takes place. As a next step, they enter a storage tank.
Water from the storage tank flows through pipes and reaches a water treatment tank where water is treated with chemicals. This process purifies the water and makes it fit enough for residents to drink. Just after this, water flows through pipes to homes. Care is taken that these pipes are different from the drain pipes. They reach the homes where people use this water for drinking purposes.
To summarize, the Australian town follows a four-stage process of collecting, filtering, storing, and treating to convert rainwater from drains into pure drinking water.
Flowchart :
The flowchart below shows the process involved in completing the work experience requirement for university students.
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your knowledge or experience.
Instructions to follow
- You should spend about 20 minutes on this task
- Write at least 150 words
Sample Answer:
The flow chart shows the process involved to gain work experience before completing graduation by university students. Fulfilling the work experience requirement, the students will be awarded credits once the final report is submitted.
The process involves 6 steps. The students should go through these 6 steps to complete the work experience requirements along with the extra credits.
The first and foremost step is Application. In the application process, the students need to choose potential workplaces as per their preference from the approved list and submit an application to the place you’re interested to work to arrange an interview. The second stage is the approval. When the students receive the acceptance letter, they are required to submit the acceptance letter to the professor for approval. The third step is schedule. The students approved by the professor are supposed to arrange their work schedule which should be at least 10 hours per week over 20 weeks.
The fourth stage is reporting, in this stage, the student is required to complete the weekly report form with the details about the task completed and responsibility given at the workplace and submit it to the professor on the last weekday. The fifth step in this process is Evaluation, during the final workweek, the students need to participate in the evaluation meeting along with their work supervisor. The supervisor then evaluates their performance and submits the Evaluation Form. The sixth and final stage of the process is the Final Report,students are required to submit their final report before last week of the spring semester.
Line Graph :
The line graph shows the percentage of people who used five different communication methods between 1998 and 2008.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.
Sample Answer :
The line graph illustrates the percentage of individuals who utilized various forms of communication channels from 1998 to 2008.
From the given information, we can infer that the cellular phone service witnessed the highest growth in users over time out of all the communication methods. The landline service remained mostly stable but declined towards the end of 2008
In 1998, the prevalent medium of communication was the landline service, which was utilized by 15 percent of the population, higher than the other services at that time. Over the next few years, the demand for cellular phone service climbed progressively from 5 and reached 65 percent in 2008. After 2004, people’s demand for internet service rose progressively, and soared to nearly 20% of the population in 2008. Although both fixed broadband service and mobile broadband service remained stagnant at 0% until 2002, both broadband services saw steady growth, afterwards, reaching approximately 3%.
Table And a Bar Chart :
The table and chart below show the time spent at leisure and household activities in Britain. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.
Sample Answer :
The table and the bar chart compare the amount of time men and women spend on household chores and leisure activities. Closer inspection of the table and the bar chart shows that women spend more time on household activities than men except for repair work. But both spend an almost equal amount of time on leisure activities. In terms of household work like cooking and washing, women spend approximately 75 minutes, which is more than an hour per day and nearly double the time that men spend on Washing and ironing clothes consume 30 minutes per day for women, which is roughly twofold the time that men spend on the same activity. There is almost an insignificant difference between men and women at the time that they spend on shopping. Women spend nearly 35 minutes per day shopping while men spend approximately 25 minutes on the same.
Interestingly, men spend almost 19 minutes per day on repair work, which is nearly double the time that women spend on it.
In terms of leisure activities, both of them spend nearly the same amount of time. Both spend almost 2 hours per day watching TV, video and listening to the radio. Both of them spend approximately 20 minutes per day reading books and nearly a quarter of an hour on sports. There are no huge differences, but men spend a bit more time on sports and watching TV. In summary, women spend more time on household chores than men, but both spend a nearly equal amount of time on leisure activities.
Pie Chart And a Table :
A pie chart and a table show the source and the total value of fish imported to the U.S in 1998, 2002 and 2007.
Sample Answer :
The table elucidates the total value of fish imported to the US in billions of dollars in 1988, 1992, and 2000. The pie charts represent the amount of fish imported to the US in these years from Canada, China, and other countries percentage-wise.
From an overall perspective, there was a gradual increase in the value of imports. In the beginning, the US imported large amounts of fish from Canada, but other countries became primary sources of import by 2000.
From the table, it is clear that the value of imports started at 6.57 billion dollars in 1988, rose to 8.52 billion dollars in 1992 and hit 10.72 billion dollars in 2000.
Initially, Canada was the chief source of imports for fish and supplied 60% of the imports.
China supplied a meagre 13%, and other countries supplied 27%. But in 1992, Canada was no longer the primary source of import. Other countries had replaced it and provided 46% of the imports. By 2000, other countries had wholly replaced Canada and became principal sources of fish, supplying 42% of the imports. China supplied 30%. The US imported only 28% from Canada in 2000.
In summary, imports from Canada decreased in the three years, whereas imports from China gradually increased from 13% in 1988 to 30% in 2000.
Pie Chart And a Line Graph :
The chart and graph below give information about sales and share prices for CocaCola.
Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below .
Instructions to follow
- You should spend about 20 minutes on this task
- Write atleast 150 words
Sample Answer :
The chart represents the number of Coca-Cola bottles sold and the line graph illustrates the share prices for Coca-Cola. Overall, the largest number of sales are in North America while the least number of sales are in Africa and the Middle East. The share price of Coca Cola increased from 30$ in 1996 to more than 70$ in 1998.
In the year 2000, Coca-Cola sold a total of 17.1 billion cases of their fizzy drink product worldwide. The largest consumer was North America, where there was 30.4 per cent of the total sales. The second-largest consumer was Latin America. Europe and Asia purchased 20.5 and 16.4 per cent of the total sales respectively, while Africa and the Middle East remained fairly small consumers at 7 per cent of the total sales.
Since 1996, share prices for Coca-Cola have fluctuated. In that year, shares were valued at approximately $35. Between 1996 and 1997, prices rose significantly to almost $70 per share. They dipped a little in mid-1997 and then peaked at $80 per share in mid-98. From then until 2000 their value fell consistently but there was a slight rise in mid-2000.
Bar Chart And a Line Graph :
The charts below show the percentage of their food budget the average family spent on restaurant meals in different years. The graph shows the number of meals eaten in fastfood restaurants and sit-down restaurants.
Instructions to follow
- You should spend about 20 minutes on this task
- Write atleast 150 words
Sample Answer :
The bar graph resembles the UAE government’s expenditures on health and education sectors in three different years with a 5 years gap. The line graph shows the infant mortality rate and citizens’ life expectancy from the year 1970 to 1992. As observed in the graphs, the UAE government spent more on healthcare and education in 1993 than they did in the past. As the citizens’ life expectancy enhanced; we could see a severe decline in the infant mortality rate.
As given in the graphs, the UAE government allocated less than 8% of its GDP on healthcare in 1985 and just 10% on education. After 5 years, spending on healthcare decreased significantly while it increased dramatically in the education sector. In the final year, both sectors got preference and the allocated 10% of the GDP in the Health sector while in the Education sector it was about 15% of the GDP.
The line graph represents the percentage of funding in the UAE that had a direct influence on their citizens’ life expectancy and infant’s mortality rate. While life expectancy in the UAE was just 60 years in 1970, it increased to over 70 in 1992. On the other hand, the infant mortality rate decreased to just 20% in 1992 from the surprising 70% in 1970.
Pie Chart And a Line Graph :
Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information below.
Instructions to follow
- You should spend about 20 minutes on this task
- Write at least 150 words
Sample Answer :
The pie chart represents the percentage of food budget spent by an average family on restaurants meals and at home in 1970, 1980, 1990, and 2000, while the line graph represents the meals eaten in two types of restaurant – in fast food shops and sit-down restaurants in the year 1970, 1980, 1990, and 2000. It can be observed that the proportion of food budget spent on restaurant meals had increased over the period. In 1970, just 10% of the total food budget was spent on restaurant meals and 90% was spent on home food. The amount spent on restaurant meals increased to 15% in 1980. The amount spent on restaurant meals continued to increase to 35% in 1990 and the year 2000, the amount of food budget spent on restaurants and home cooking had been equal to 50-50% each.
From the graph, it is visible that the number of meals eaten both in fast food and sit-down restaurants had increased during the period. In 1970, the number of eaten meals in those two kinds of restaurants were the same 20 meals per year. The number of meals eaten in sit-down restaurants went-up slightly, from 20 meals per year in 1970 to 35 meals per year in 1980 and 45 meals per year in 1990 and 50 meals per year in 2000. It is obvious from the graph that fast food gained more popularity over sit-down restaurants during the period and the number of meals eaten outside increased compared to home food significantly.